Participating states could attempt to apply the psi to iran and north korea in three ways, by. The initiative was announced by president bush on may 31, 2003. The non proliferation and disarmament initiative npdi is a coalition of states within the framework of the nuclear non proliferation treaty npt formed in 2010. Proliferation security initiative psi january 18, 2011. Supplementing these are supplyside measures, such as the nuclear suppliers group and the proliferation security initiative. Bush in may 2003 at a meeting in krakow, poland, the psi has now grown to include the endorsement of 105. Nnsas material management and minimization program reduces the risk of highly enriched uranium heu and plutonium falling into the hands of nonstate actors by minimizing the use of and, when possible, eliminating weaponsusable nuclear material around the world.
Press releases and fact sheets united states department. Counterproliferation initiatives proliferation, prevention. Released by the white house, office of the press secretary. Group on the preventing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction wmd in the asiapacific and first published in 2010. The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction wmd and related materials, technologies, and expertise and the fact that terrorists are trying to acquire them. The proliferation security initiative psi ministry of. Subject terms interdiction, proliferation security initiative, psi, weapons of mass. Nuclear disarmament and non proliferation this book examines the current debate on nuclear non proliferation and disarmament, notably the international non proliferation regime and how to implement. He had been the assistant secretary for the bureau of arms control, and in february 2005 he was named the head of the bureau for nonproliferation pending the two bureaus merger. Nonproliferation treaty safeguards and the spread of nuclear technology author.
Why is the proliferation security initiative a problematic. International efforts such as the global initiative to counter nuclear terrorism, the proliferation security initiative and most recently the nuclear terrorism convention pdf should be. Bureau of public affairs washington, dc the proliferation security initiative psi, announced by president bush in krakow, poland on may 31, 2003, is a multinational response to the growing challenge posed by the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials worldwide. Statement of interdiction principles psi is an informal and voluntary network that brings. Policy issues congressional research service 1 purpose and scope congress has long been concerned about whether u. The central ones include the non proliferation treaty npt, international atomic energy agency iaea safeguards, and the comprehensive test ban treaty ctbt. Three years on richard bond key points the high level political meeting in warsaw, poland on 23 june 2006 was the first major gathering of states participating in the proliferation security initiative since june 2004 and.
Among the many measures introduced in the post2001 period to address terrorism at sea, the proliferation security initiative psi has acquired a place of prominence, especially as the 2005 protocol to the convention on suppression of unlawful activities against the safety of maritime navigation has not yet entered into force. Proliferation security initiative psi background in the december 2002 national strategy to combat weapons of mass destruction wmd proliferation, the bush administration first articulated the importance of countering proliferation once it has occurred and managing the consequences of wmd use. However, there are a number of issues that must be resolved within this new initiative if it is to be globally accepted and become an effective non proliferation mechanism. Bush in may 2003 to strengthen the nonproliferation architecture. Since then, 16 nations have pledged their cooperation in interdicting shipments of weapons of mass destruction. The proliferation security initiative psi is of growing importance in a world where. The united nations security council can make legally binding decisions related to the nonproliferation regime if it decides that proliferation constitutes a threat to international peace and security and passes a chapter vii resolution. Another emerging success story is the proliferation security initiative known as psi launched by president bush, one year ago in krakow poland. Jun 21, 2017 rebecca weiner, proliferation security initiative to stem flow of wmd materiel, monterey institute of international studies, july 16, 2003. China and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and missiles. The proliferation security initiative is a global effort that aims to stop trafficking of weapons of mass destruction, their delivery systems, and related materials to and from states and nonstate actors of proliferation concern. Nonproliferation and disarmament initiative wikipedia. Proliferation security initiative psi january 18, 2011 open pdf 176 kb the proliferation security initiative psi was formed to increase international cooperation in interdicting shipments of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials.
The president shall establish a national counter proliferation center, taking into account all appropriate government tools to prevent and halt the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, their delivery systems, and related materials and technologies. This report examines the value of international safeguards on civilian nuclear materials and facilities. Overcoming challenges to the proliferation security initiative. Nov 10, 2008 the president announced the proliferation security initiative psi in 2003 to enhance u. The existing nuclear non proliferation regime is under pressure on two fronts. Legal implications of the proliferation security initiative r beckman political implications of the proliferation security initiative s gahlaut new initiatives for maritime cooperation s b weeks maritime regime building s bateman readership. The proliferation of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons and missiles for these weapons delivery is a major threat to international security.
Deemed foremost among president bushs efforts to stop wmd proliferation, psi appear s to be a new channel for interdiction cooperation outside of treaties and multilateral export control regimes. These and other activities are important in themselves, and they are essential to maintaining and. Washington, dc052808 statement by homeland security secretary michael chertoff on the fifth anniversary of the proliferation security initiative. National strategy to combat weapons of mass destruction in a strange coincidence, on the same day as the so san release, the bush ad. Proliferation security initiative psi maritime interdiction exercise team samurai 04 october 2004 overview and evaluation october 2004 announcement. A savannah river nuclear solutions employee relocates a pipe overpack container used to transport small amounts of excess plutonium oxide at the savannah river site in south carolina on january 17, 2012. The proliferation security initiative psi is a voluntary, multilateral effort initiated by u.
A study by security experts of a british university said that a chinese businessman, who has been accused of supplying prohibited technology to iran, may have begun manufacturing a key component of guidance systems for ballistic missiles, seriously threatening international peace and security. The proliferation security initiative and the evolution of. The proliferation security initiative and its objectives the proliferation security initiative is a multilateral initiative intended to prevent the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction wmd and the materials used to construct them. Bureau of international security and nonproliferation. Proliferation security initiative psi january 16, 2008 open pdf 109 kb the proliferation security initiative psi was formed to increase international cooperation in interdicting shipments of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials.
Handbook on preventing the proliferation of weapons of. Bureau of international security and nonproliferation website open html 73 kb the bureau of international security and nonproliferation isn, headed by assistant secretary john c. In a 2006 classified report, gao recommended that agencies establish clear psi policies and procedures and performance indicators. Participants are called upon to think creatively about how they can combine their varying.
Proliferation security initiative operational experts group pdf 63 kb file does not meet accessibility standards 14. His starting point was the persisting confusion over the meaning of counterproliferation and nonproliferation. Combines pdf files, views them in a browser and downloads. Nonproliferation treaty safeguards and the spread of nuclear. In 2004, the united states sponsored security council resolution 1540 to update these conventions. This application uses a secure ssl connection to prevent eavesdropping. In particular we discussed the expansion of the proliferation security initiative psi that the president proposed, and the presidents efforts to get a security council resolution reflecting the suggestions he made in his speech to the general assembly in september, and we discussed the various reforms that the president proposed last week. China and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and. International security issues, arms control matters, and.
As a global bank, we are very conscious of the importance of a stable social environment for our longterm success. A catalyst for needed action by jonathan herbach the initiative, one of the most notable outcomes of the recent summit in the hague, goes further than ever before toward establishing nuclear security standards, but its longterm impact will largely depend on how subscribing states choose to. Strengthening the proliferation security initiative, lowy institute policy brief lowy institute for international policy. Nonproliferation for global security foundation npsglobal.
Foreign policy, nonproliferation, and the middle east. Limitations to intelligence utility, and expectations of psi partners combine to. With respect to regulatory regimes, boutilier highlighted the three current major initiatives that dealt with the enforcement of maritime security, namely the container security initiative csi, the proliferation security initiative psi and the regional maritime security initiative. Proliferation security initiative ship boarding agreement. Hadley at the proliferation security initiative fifth anniversary senior level meeting. Led by our world class experts, these programs are the intellectual foundation of csis. We recognize the need to help build strong communities where individuals and businesses can thrive. New challenges to the nuclear nonproliferation regime by countries such as north korea and iran and. The asiapacific is emerging as a critical region in the fight against the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.
The bureau of international security and nonproliferation isn is a bureau within the united states department of state responsible for managing a broad range of nonproliferation and counterproliferation functions. Specifically, psi seeks to enhance interdiction capabilities and increase coordination between states to. Challenges and perceptions introduction during the cold war era, the primary threat to international peace and stability was clear a potential nuclear showdown between the two world powers. The proliferation security initiative psi builds on a history of international efforts to prevent. The 3rd meeting of the proliferation security initiative 34, september, 2003 paris statement of interdiction principles pdf. Jan 11, 2000 the following developments represent the growing peril that challenges international and human security. The international institute for strategic studies, arundel house, 15 arundel street, temple place, london wc2r 3dx, united kingdom.
Part ii will discuss the dangers of the international proliferation of weapons of mass destruction wmd, particularly with regard to rogue states and international terrorists. The proliferation security initiative rand corporation. There are many strings to the nuclear nonproliferation bow. The proliferation security initiative psi is an aggressive global. The present case study analyzes the proliferation security initiative psi as just such a new form of cooperation, using the theoretical concept of transgovernmental networks. Apr, 2010 this week, leaders from around the world are gathering in washington d. However, the new threats required new action from the security council. The proliferation security initiative 743 security initiative psi. The proliferation security initiative psi at a glance. More than 60 countries have now expressed support for psi. The united states recently launched proliferation security initiative psi, the latest element in the bush administrations emerging strategy of preemption to combat proliferation of weapons of mass.
Officials in a variety of fields discussed challenges and opportunities in interdiction of wmd proliferation, and engaged in a tabletop game to simulate critical security scenarios. The proliferation security initiative psi is a response to the growing challenge posed by the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials worldwide. Bureau of international security and nonproliferation isn. The bureau of international security and nonproliferation isn is responsible for managing a broad range of u. The text of the npt says the treaty is designed to make every effort to avert the danger of nuclear war and to take measures to safeguard the security of peoples by stopping the spread of. A wide range of states are creating dedicated cyberdefence agencies, increasing cyberrelated human and financial resources, and drafting national strategies that sometimes include. The proliferation security initiative national institute public policy. Though the cold war ended more than ten years ago, more than 30,000 nuclear weapons remain worldwide. Proliferation security initiative psi congressional research service summary the proliferation security initiative psi was formed to increase international cooperation in interdicting shipments of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials. In addition to using social media techniques to address questions of arms control verification, nuclear security, and illicit trafficking, students integrate satellite imagery, changedetection algorithms, and 3d modeling to analyze and depict sites of proliferation. Civilian nuclear facilities should assure the prompt removal and secure storage of spent fuel. International cooperation on wmd nonproliferation on jstor. Text of the treaty the states concluding this treaty, hereinafter referred to as the parties to the treaty, considering the devastation that would be visited upon all mankind by a nuclear war and. A status report download pdf 331kb the fatf mandate was extended in 2008 to include new and emerging threats such as proliferation financing, meaning financing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.
Pacific forum and all study group participants are deeply grateful to the carnegie corporation of new york, the us department of energys national nuclear security agency, and the us. Institute for public policy, the proliferation security initiative. The proliferation security initiative psi is a global effort that aims to stop trafficking of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials to and from states and nonstate actors of proliferation concern. Proliferation security initiative psi summary the proliferation security initiative psi was formed to increase international cooperation in interdicting shipments of weapons of mass destruction wmd, their delivery systems, and related materials. In particular, interdiction of wmdrelated goods gained more prominence. In 2003, the bush administration announced the proliferation security initiative psi to enhance u. A catalog of treaties and agreements congressional research service 1 introduction national security, arms control, and nonproliferation for much of the past century, u. Senior fellow foreign policy, center for 21st century security and intelligence, arms control and non proliferation initiative strobe talbott distinguished fellow in residence foreign policy. Nonproliferation, arms control and disarmament, and extended. Our mission the office of multilateral nuclear and security affairs isnmnsa leads department of state formulation and implementation of u. Proliferation security initiative psi january 16, 2008. Rood is responsible for managing a broad range of nonproliferation, counterproliferation and arms control functions. But returning to the status quo ante of 2001, much less fully eliminating north koreas nuclear and missile programs, looks to be a very distant prospect.
President bush announced the proliferation security initiative psi on may 31, 2003. Hosted by president obama, this summit will focus on adoption of a final. Kelsey davenport, director for nonproliferation policy, 202 4638270 x102 updated. The source on nonproliferation and global security arms control today volume 43 number 6 julyaugust 20 8 16 22 cover photo. Psi is not a program housed in only one agency, but instead is a set of activities with participation by multiple u. Origins and evolution of the proliferation security initiative on december 11, 2002, president george w. The most difficult step in the development of an improvised nuclear device is acquiring weaponsusable nuclear material. In 2007, congress enacted a law calling for the administration to expand and strengthen psi and address gaos. President bush unveiled the proliferation security initiative psi in krakow, poland, on may 31, 2003.
The counterproliferation initiatives proliferation, prevention, and defeat program element reduces wmd proliferation and enhances wmd defeat capabilities through advanced technology development. The bestknown example of this is the security councils passage of resolution 1540. The goal of the psi is to create a more dynamic, creative. Policy analysts, academics, and general readers with an interest in maritime security. Cybersecurity improving cybersecurity and cyberdefence capabilities has recently become a top priority on the national security agendas of many european states. The security council has also passed resolutions requiring certain. Bush published the national strategy to combat weapons of mass destruction an unprecedentedcomprehensive approach to prevent and protect against wmd. Incorporated in england with limited liability under number 615259. Rademaker was the first the acting assistant secretary of state for international security and nonproliferation. This study examines the united states use of sanctions against foreign entities to prevent such proliferation. Bureau of international security and nonproliferation wikipedia.
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